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The Theory of Evolution The theory of evolution is based on the idea that certain traits are passed on more often than others. These characteristics make it easier for individuals to live and reproduce which is why they tend to increase in numbers over time. Scientists have a better understanding of how this process operates. A study of the clawed-frog showed that duplicate genes can serve different functions. Evolution is a natural process The natural process that leads to the evolution of organisms that are best adjusted to their environment is referred to as “natural selection.” It's one of the fundamental mechanisms of evolution, along with mutation or migration as well as genetic drift. The ones with traits that aid in reproduction and survival will be more likely to pass on these traits to their offspring. This results in gradual changes in frequency of genes as time passes. This results in new species being formed and existing species being altered. Charles Darwin developed a scientific theory in the early 19th century that explained how organisms developed over time. The theory is based on the idea that more offspring are born than are able to survive and that the offspring compete for resources in their physical surroundings. This leads to an “evolutionary struggle” where those with the most desirable traits prevail and others are eliminated. The remaining offspring transmit the genes that confer these desirable traits to their offspring which in turn gives them an advantage over other members of the same species. Over time, organisms with these desirable traits increase in size. It is, however, difficult to comprehend how natural selection can generate new characteristics if its main function is to eliminate unfit individuals. In addition, the majority of forms of natural selection deplete genetic variation within populations. As a result, it is unlikely that natural selection will create new traits unless other forces are at work. Mutation, genetic drift and migration are the primary evolutionary forces that alter gene frequencies and lead to evolution. These processes are accelerated by sexual reproduction, and the fact that each parent passes on half of its genes to each offspring. These genes are called alleles, and they can have different frequencies among individuals belonging to the same species. The resulting allele frequencies determine whether the trait will be dominant or recessive. In the simplest sense the definition of a mutation is a change in the structure of a person's DNA code. This change causes some cells to develop and grow into a distinct organism, while others do not. Mutations can increase the frequency of alleles that already exist or create new ones. The new alleles could be passed to subsequent generations, and become the dominant phenotype. Evolution is dependent on natural selection Natural selection is an easy mechanism that alters the population of living organisms over time. It is a result of the interaction between heritable phenotypic differences and differential reproduction. These causes create an environment where people who have beneficial characteristics are more likely to survive and reproduce than those with no beneficial traits. This process, over time, leads to a reshaping the gene pool to ensure that it is more closely matched to the environment where individuals live. This is the premise behind Darwin's “survival of the strongest.” This process is based on the idea that people can adapt to their surroundings by displaying different traits. The traits that are adaptive increase the chances of individuals to survive and reproduce, and also produce a large number of offspring. In the long run this will cause the trait to spread throughout a group according to BioMed Central. The trait will eventually be found in all members of a population and the composition of the population will change. This is referred to as evolution. People with less adaptive traits will die or will not be able to produce offspring, and their genes won't pass on to future generations. In time, genetically modified organisms are more likely to become dominant in the population. They may also develop into new species. It is not a sure thing. The environment can change abruptly and the adaptions to be obsolete. Another factor that may affect the evolution process is sexual selection, in which certain traits are chosen because they improve an individual's chance of mating with others. This can lead to bizarre phenotypes, such as brightly colored feathers on birds, or large antlers on deer. These phenotypes aren't beneficial to the organism, but they can increase their chances of survival and reproducing. Another reason why some students do not understand natural selection is that they mistake it for soft inheritance. While soft inheritance is not a necessary condition for evolution, it is an essential component of it. This is because it allows for the random modification of DNA and the development of genetic variants that aren't immediately beneficial to the organism. These mutations are then used as raw material by natural selection. Genetics is the basis of evolution. Evolution is a natural process of changes in the traits inherited of species over time. It is based upon several factors, including mutation, gene flow and horizontal gene transfers. The frequency of alleles within a population can also affect the development. This allows for the selection of an advantage in the new environment. The theory of evolution is a fundamental idea in biology, and has profound implications for understanding of life on Earth. Darwin's ideas, together with Linnaeus notions of relatedness and Lamarck theories of inheritance revolutionized how traits are passed on from parent to child. Darwin argued that parents passed on traits that they inherited by their use or lack of use, however, they were instead favored or disadvantageous by the environment they lived in and passed this information onto their offspring. Darwin called this natural selection, and in his book The Origin of Species he explained how this could lead to the evolution of new species of species. Genetic changes, or mutations, can occur at random in the DNA of cells. These mutations cause a wide range of phenotypic characteristics, including hair color and eye color. They may also be affected by environmental factors. Certain phenotypic traits can be controlled by multiple genes and some possess more than two alleles, such as blood type (A B, A or O). The combination of Darwinian ideas about evolution with Mendel's theories of genetics is referred to as the Modern Synthesis, and it is the framework that combines macroevolutionary changes in the fossil record with microevolutionary processes such as genetic mutation and trait selection. Macroevolution takes a long period to complete and is only visible in fossil records. However, microevolution is a faster process that is visible in living organisms today. Microevolution is a process that is driven by mutation and genetic selection that are smaller scales than macroevolution. It can also be increased through other mechanisms, such as gene flow or horizontal gene transfer. The basis of evolution is chance Evolutionists have for a long time used the argument that evolution is random. This argument is not true and it's crucial to understand the reason. The argument confuses randomness with contingency. This mistake is the result of a misreading of the nature of biological contingency, as described by Stephen Jay Gould. He believed that genetic information does not develop randomly, but depends on past events. He relied on the fact that DNA is an incarnation of genes which are themselves dependent on other molecules. In other terms there is a causal order behind all biological processes. The argument is flawed further because it is based on laws and practices of science. These assertions aren't just inherently untrue however, they are also false. The science of practice presupposes that causal determinism is not strict enough to accurately predict all natural events. In his book, Brendan Sweetman aims to provide a balanced, generally accessible introduction to the relationship between evolutionary theory and Christian theism. He is not a flashy author, but rather a patient one, which fits his goals, which include detaching the scientific status and religious implications of evolutionary theory. Although the book isn't as comprehensive as it could have been, it still provides an informative overview of the issues in this debate. It also demonstrates that evolutionary theory is a firmly-proven scientific theory, widely accepted by experts in the field and worthy of a rational approval. However the book is less than convincing when it comes to the question of whether God plays any part in evolution. Trading Pokemon with other trainers is a great method to save Candy and time. Trading Pokemon with other players can cut down the cost of evolving certain Pokemon using the traditional method. This is particularly helpful for high-level Pokemon that require plenty of Candy to evolve.